i. Source of energy
a) Fossil fuel: For fossil fuel one requires burner for efficient mixing of fuel and air. Arrangement of burner is important.
b) Electric energy: Resistance heating, induction heating or arc heating.
c) Chemical energy: Exothermic reactions
ii. Suitable refractory material: Refractory design is important. Thermal enclosure of the furnace is designed and constructed keeping in view the requirements. For example refractory facing the thermal enclosure must have high refractoriness, chemically inert etc. Whereas refractory facing the surrounding must have low thermal conductivity to minimize heat y installing a heat exchanger or internally by recirculation the POC within the ntation and control: Furnaces are equipped with POC analyzer and temperature control. urnaces and their applications in high temperature industries: escription in order to appreciate the requirement of the design of thermal enclosure, i.e. furnace): PHYSICAL PROCESSING losses
iii. Heat exchanger:
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